'O ka ho'omaika'i 'ana o ka ikehu ikehu o ka lithium-ion 'a'ahu pinepine me ka pi'i 'ana o nā pilikia palekana. Hoʻokumu ʻia ka ʻōnaehana electrolyte koʻikoʻi i kēia manawa ma luna o nā mea hoʻoheheʻe carbonate, he mau kiko uila haʻahaʻa a hiki ke ʻā a paʻa. Ma lalo o nā kūlana hoʻomāinoino e like me ka overcharging, ka pōkole pōkole, a i ʻole ka wela kiʻekiʻe, ʻoi aku ka maʻalahi o ka holo ʻana i ka wela, e alakaʻi ana i ke ahi pākaukau a i ʻole nā pahū ʻana, e hōʻike ana i nā pōʻino palekana koʻikoʻi. Ma nā mahana hana ma luna o 50 degere, e wikiwiki wikiwiki nā ʻaoʻao ʻaoʻao ma waena o ka electrode a me ka electrolyte, e hopena i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa wikiwiki ʻana o ka pākaukau a kaupalena i kāna noi hilinaʻi ma nā pae wela ākea. Manaʻo ʻia nā mea hoʻoheheʻe phosphate ester hiki i ke ahi he koho kūpono no nā mea hoʻoheheʻe carbonate. Akā naʻe, ʻo ka pilikia lōʻihi o ka pili ʻole me nā anodes graphite ua keakea i kā lākou kūʻai ʻana: ma ka paʻakai maʻamau a haʻahaʻa paha, ʻaʻole hiki i ka phosphate ester electrolytes ke hoʻokumu i kahi interface electrolyte paʻa paʻa (SEI) ma ka ʻili o nā anodes graphite, a ʻo ka electrolyte e hui pū ʻia me nā mea hoʻohui lithium i hoʻopili ʻia i loko o ka mea hoʻohui. poino.
I kēia manawa, ua hana hou ka hui i kekahi ʻano hou o ʻeono -membered ring fluorinated phosphoric acid ester solvent, i kapa ʻia ʻo 2-(2,2,2-trifluoroethoxy)-1,3,2-dioxaphosphorinane-}2 oxide ({18}}}2. Hoʻohālikelike ʻia me ka ʻelima -membered ring phosphoric acid ester, ʻeono-membered ring structure of HTP he haʻahaʻa apo haʻahaʻa, kahi e hoʻonui nui ai i ka paʻa wela a me ka paʻa kemika o ka mole mai kahi hiʻohiʻona thermodynamic, a keʻakeʻa i nā hopena ʻaoʻao e like me ka wehe ʻana o ke apo. Ma muli o kēia, ua koho ka hui i ka tri-(2,2,2-trifluoroethyl) phosphate (TFEP) ma ke ʻano he co-solvent a hui pū ʻia me ka paʻakai lithium bis(fluorosulfonyl)imide (LiFSI), e hana maikaʻi ana i kahi ʻōnaehana electrolyte all-phosphoric acid ester electrolyte me ka paʻakai lithium o 1.2M wale nō. ʻO ka pōmaikaʻi nui o kēia electrolyte aia ia ma o nā pilina inter-solvent kūʻokoʻa, hoʻoponopono ia i ke ʻano o ka hoʻonā ʻana o nā ion lithium, a laila e hoʻoulu ai i ka hoʻokumu ʻana i kahi kiʻiʻoniʻoni SEI paʻa a paʻa i ka anode graphite, e lanakila ana i ka pilikia pili.
Hoʻokumu ʻia kēia hana ma luna o kahi ʻano hou o ka hexacyclic phosphoric acid ester solvent (HTP), a ua hana maikaʻi ʻia kahi haʻahaʻa -concentrate all-phosphoric acid electrolyte. ʻO kēia electrolyte, me kona puka aniani electrochemical ākea, wahi uila kiʻekiʻe loa a me ka hoʻopaneʻe ahi maikaʻi loa, hiki i ka 4.5 V graphite||NMC811 pākaukau e hana paʻa a hiki i 100 degere, a hele i nā hoʻokolohua palekana koʻikoʻi e like me ka puncture, ka haki ʻana i ka bottleneck kahi e paʻakikī ai nā electrolytes kuʻuna i ke kaulike kiʻekiʻe {{6} voltage kiʻekiʻe.
