Ma waena o ka holomua wikiwiki o nā ʻenehana ikehu, ʻo ke koho ʻepekema o nā mea pākaukau e pili pono ana i ka hana ʻana o ka pākaukau, palekana, a me ka maikaʻi-uku. Mai nā mea uila uila a i nā kaʻa uila a hiki i nā ʻōnaehana mālama ikehu -nui, ʻokoʻa nā hiʻohiʻona noiʻi i nā koi ʻokoʻa i nā mea pākaukau, e hana koʻikoʻi ke koho pono ʻana i nā mea pākaukau.
ʻO ka mea mua, he mea nui ka nui o ka ikehu. ʻO nā pāka Lithium{1}}ion ka mea i koho ʻia no nā mea lawe lima ma muli o ko lākou kaha kikoʻī kiʻekiʻe (no ka laʻana, ʻo ka mana o ka lithium cobalt oxide cathodes ma kahi o 140 mAh/g). ʻOiai ʻo lithium iron phosphate (LFP), ʻoiai he haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa (ma kahi o 160 mAh / g), hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā kaʻa ikehu hou ma muli o kona kūpaʻa wela a me ke ola pōʻai lōʻihi. ʻO ka lua, he mea koʻikoʻi ka palekana. He kiʻekiʻe ka ikehu o nā mea ʻenehana (e like me ka nickel-cobalt-manganese (NCM)) akā hiki ke hoʻokuʻu ʻia ka oxygen ma nā wela kiʻekiʻe, e hōʻike ana i ka pilikia o ka holo ʻana o ka wela. ʻO ka hoʻohālikelike, hāʻawi nā mea lithium titanate anode i ka palekana maikaʻi loa a kūpono i nā noi e koi ana i nā koi paʻa paʻa.
Hoʻopili pū ke kumu kūʻai a me ka hoʻomau waiwai i nā hoʻoholo waiwai. He ʻuʻuku nā kumu waiwai kobalt a ua loli nui ko lākou mau kumukūʻai, e alakaʻi ana i ka ʻoihana i nā manaʻo kobalt-free (e like me ka nickel-manganese binary cathodes) a i ʻole ka hoʻomohala ʻana i nā ʻenehana ʻē aʻe e like me ka sodium-ion batteries. Eia kekahi, pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia ka pili ʻana o ke kaiapuni. Ma nā ha'aha'a ha'aha'a, e emi ana ka ionic conductivity o nā electrolytes a me nā mea electrode, e pono ai ka ho'ohana 'ana i nā mea ho'ohui (e like me LiFSI) a i 'ole -state electrolytes no ka ho'oikaika 'ana i ka hana.
ʻO ka mea hope loa, ʻo ke koho ʻana i nā mea pākaukau e koi i kahi kaulike piha o nā ʻāpana hana, nā koi noi, a me nā kūlana kaulahao lako. Me ka holomua o nā ʻenehana e like me nā ʻakika -state paʻa a me nā ʻeke lithium-sulfur, e hoʻomau ka ʻepekema mea waiwai e alakaʻi i nā mea hou i ka ʻoihana pākaukau.